The Collapse of the Blockchain Trilemma: A Formal Analysis through Baran’s Topology and Automata Logic

Dissecting the Blockchain Trilemma: Why Baran’s Multipath Networks and Formal Systems Theory Render It Void

The so-called blockchain trilemma—the assertion that no blockchain system can simultaneously achieve decentralisation, scalability, and security—has been popularised through imprecise language and poorly defined categories. When addressed through formal systems theory, automata models, and network architecture—especially in light of Baran’s 1964 framework for communication networks—this trilemma is revealed not as a constraint but as an artefact of conceptual confusion and engineering failure.